Caramel II - Caustic Sulfite Caramel E150b
natural-derived — Primarily heat-treated carbohydrate.
Caustic sulfite caramel
CAS: 8028-89-5
Factual Regulatory Reference
This database provides factual regulatory information compiled from official government sources. It does not constitute medical, nutritional, or safety advice. Regulatory status varies by country and is subject to change. Always refer to your local regulatory authority for the most current information.
What Is Caramel II - Caustic Sulfite Caramel?
Caramel II (E150b), also known as Caustic Sulfite Caramel, is produced by heating food-grade carbohydrates in the presence of sulfite compounds (such as sulfurous acid, potassium sulfite, or sodium sulfite) but without ammonia. This process produces a caramel color primarily used in whisky, spirits, and certain vinegars to achieve a consistent amber-brown color. Unlike Caramel IV (E150d), which uses both ammonia and sulfite, Caramel II produces lower levels of 4-methylimidazole (4-MEI) while still containing some sulfite-reactive compounds. JECFA and EFSA have evaluated the four classes of caramel color separately, establishing different ADI values; Class II caramel (E150b) has an ADI of 0-160 mg/kg body weight per day as established by JECFA.
? Did You Know?
Beyond food, Caramel II - Caustic Sulfite Caramel is also used in medicine, industrial applications. Its versatility makes it one of the most multi-purpose chemical compounds in everyday life.
In the EU, Caramel II - Caustic Sulfite Caramel has a "quantum satis" authorization — Latin for "as much as needed." This means there's no specific maximum limit; manufacturers use only what's technologically necessary.
Detailed Regulatory Assessment
European Union (EFSA)
Widely permitted in more than 55 food categories
Official EFSA LinkUnited States (FDA)
Regulated as a direct food additive under FDA CFR titles.
Japan (MHLW)
Classified as Caramel II in Japanese regulations
Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI)
International Standard (JECFA)
mg/kg body weight per day
European Standard (EFSA)
Natural Occurrence
This additive is not known to occur naturally in significant quantities.
Manufacturing
Made by controlled heating of food-grade carbohydrates (sugars) with or without acids or alkalis in the presence of sulfite compounds. No ammonium compounds are used in this class. The sulfite incorporation gives the caramel a negative charge, making it suitable for specific beverage applications.
Applications Beyond Food
May be used as a colorant in some pharmaceutical preparations
Used in industrial liquor coloring applications