Sodium orthophenyl phenol E232
fungicide — Primarily synthetic.
Sodium 2-phenylphenol
CAS: 132-27-4
Factual Regulatory Reference
This database provides factual regulatory information compiled from official government sources. It does not constitute medical, nutritional, or safety advice. Regulatory status varies by country and is subject to change. Always refer to your local regulatory authority for the most current information.
What Is Sodium orthophenyl phenol?
Sodium orthophenyl phenol (sodium 2-phenylphenol) is a sodium salt form of orthophenyl phenol (E231), used as a surface fungicide and preservative on citrus fruits and other produce. EFSA evaluated E231 and E232 together in 2012, setting an ADI of 0.2 mg/kg body weight. The EU restricts use strictly to surface treatment of citrus fruits. Japan allows limited use under its designated additive list. Consumer exposure is primarily through fruit peel, and peeling reduces exposure substantially.
? Did You Know?
In the EU, Sodium orthophenyl phenol has a "quantum satis" authorization — Latin for "as much as needed." This means there's no specific maximum limit; manufacturers use only what's technologically necessary.
Detailed Regulatory Assessment
European Union (EFSA)
Permitted in specific categories
United States (FDA)
Regulated as a direct food additive under FDA CFR titles.
Japan (MHLW)
Compliant with Japanese food sanitation law.
Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI)
International Standard (JECFA)
mg/kg body weight per day
European Standard (EFSA)
Everyday Perspective
For a 60kg adult, this limit is roughly equivalent to consuming:
Natural Occurrence
This additive is not known to occur naturally in significant quantities.
Manufacturing
Industrially produced.