antifoaming agent INS 900

Dimethylpolysiloxane E900

glazing agent — Primarily synthetic.

🇪🇺 EU: Approved
🇺🇸 USA: Approved
🇯🇵 Japan: Approved
🇦🇺 AU/NZ: Approved
🇨🇦 Canada: Approved
Scientific Name

Poly(dimethylsiloxane)

CAS: 63148-62-9

Data verified: 2026-04-04

Factual Regulatory Reference

This database provides factual regulatory information compiled from official government sources. It does not constitute medical, nutritional, or safety advice. Regulatory status varies by country and is subject to change. Always refer to your local regulatory authority for the most current information.

What Is Dimethylpolysiloxane?

Dimethylpolysiloxane (polydimethylsiloxane, PDMS) is a silicone polymer used as an anti-foaming agent in cooking oils, frying fats, fruit juices, and beverages. At maximum permitted levels (typically 10 mg/kg in frying oils), it prevents foam formation during high-temperature frying and reduces oil splattering. JECFA established an ADI of 0–1.5 mg/kg body weight. EFSA reviewed PDMS in 2014 and revised the ADI to 6 mg/kg body weight for food use. Approved in EU, USA (GRAS), Japan, Canada, and Australia. Also widely used in personal care products and medical devices.

? Did You Know?

Beyond food, Dimethylpolysiloxane is also used in cosmetics, medicine, industrial applications, household products. Its versatility makes it one of the most multi-purpose chemical compounds in everyday life.

To reach the Acceptable Daily Intake limit, a 60kg adult would need to consume approximately ~9 L liters of frying oil containing PDMS at 10 ppm in a single day. (This is a mathematical illustration, not a safety recommendation.)

Regulatory Analysis

Dimethylpolysiloxane (PDMS, E900) gained unusual public attention in 2014 following media reports that McDonald's Chicken McNuggets and french fries contained it. The regulatory profile, however, had been stable for decades: JECFA established an ADI of 1.5 mg/kg body weight in 1999 and EFSA confirmed the same value in 2007. Maximum permitted levels in frying oils are typically 10 mg/kg, which means actual consumer exposure is far below the ADI. McDonald's decision in 2016 to remove PDMS from McNuggets was a commercial response to consumer pressure rather than a regulatory requirement. No jurisdiction issued any restriction on E900 as a result of the public debate. The additive is used at trace concentrations as a process aid rather than as a functional ingredient in the finished food, which distinguishes its regulatory rationale from most food additives; it is present to assist the manufacturing process, not to confer properties to the final product.

Detailed Regulatory Assessment

🇪🇺

European Union (EFSA)

approved Max: 10 (anti-foaming), quantum satis (confectionery coating) mg/kg

Authorized for specific food categories

🇺🇸

United States (FDA)

approved GRAS (Generally Recognized as Safe)

Approved as defoaming agent in processing foods, up to 10 ppm

🇯🇵

Japan (MHLW)

approved Cat: 指定添加物

Used as anti-foaming agent

Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI)

International Standard (JECFA)

0-1.5 mg/kg bw/day

mg/kg body weight per day

European Standard (EFSA)

1.5 mg/kg bw/day

Everyday Perspective

For a 60kg adult, this limit is roughly equivalent to consuming:

!
~9 L of liters of frying oil containing PDMS at 10 ppm
~10mg per serving
!
~180 of servings of french fries (historical McDonald's formulation)
~0.5mg per serving

Natural Occurrence

This additive is not known to occur naturally in significant quantities.

Manufacturing

Method: chemical synthesis

Produced by hydrolysis and polymerization of dichlorodimethylsilane, derived from silicon and methyl chloride.

Applications Beyond Food

Cosmetics

Hair conditioners, skin moisturizers, makeup products

Medical

Anti-gas medication (simethicone), tablet coating

Industrial

Lubricants, sealants, adhesives, hydraulic fluids

Household

Silly Putty, contact lens solution, fabric softener

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Dimethylpolysiloxane (E900)?
Dimethylpolysiloxane (E900) is a antifoaming agent used in food products. It is glazing agent and synthetic. A synthetic silicone-based polymer used as an anti-foaming agent in frying oils and other food processing applications. Chemically inert and heat-stable.
What is the ADI for Dimethylpolysiloxane?
The Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) for Dimethylpolysiloxane is 0-1.5 mg/kg bw/day as established by JECFA (Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives). ADI represents the amount that can be consumed daily over a lifetime without appreciable health risk.
What foods contain Dimethylpolysiloxane?
Dimethylpolysiloxane is used in various food categories including Confectionery with sugar coating, Processing aids. It is used as a antifoaming agent in these products.
Is Dimethylpolysiloxane the same as PDMS?
Yes, Dimethylpolysiloxane is also known as PDMS, Polydimethylsiloxane, Dimethicone, Simethicone. These are different names for the same substance.