glazing agent INS 901

Beeswax E901

surface coating — Primarily natural.

🇪🇺 EU: Approved
🇺🇸 USA: Approved
🇯🇵 Japan: Approved
🇦🇺 AU/NZ: Approved
🇨🇦 Canada: Approved
Scientific Name

Cera alba (white beeswax), Cera flava (yellow beeswax)

CAS: 8012-89-3 (white), 8006-40-4 (yellow)

Data verified: 2026-04-04

Factual Regulatory Reference

This database provides factual regulatory information compiled from official government sources. It does not constitute medical, nutritional, or safety advice. Regulatory status varies by country and is subject to change. Always refer to your local regulatory authority for the most current information.

What Is Beeswax?

Beeswax (yellow and white) is a natural wax produced by honeybees (Apis mellifera) and used as a glazing agent for confectionery, fresh fruits and vegetables, and cheese coatings. White beeswax is the bleached form of yellow beeswax. It creates a protective, moisture-resistant barrier that extends shelf life and improves appearance. JECFA considers it acceptable with no ADI specified. EFSA confirmed safety in 2012. It is of animal origin (bee product), making it non-vegan though acceptable for some vegetarian consumers. Approved globally as a food-grade glazing and coating agent.

? Did You Know?

Beeswax occurs naturally in Honeycomb produced by honeybees (Apis mellifera). Many people consume it daily without realizing it's also a listed food additive.

Beyond food, Beeswax is also used in cosmetics, medicine, industrial applications, household products. Its versatility makes it one of the most multi-purpose chemical compounds in everyday life.

In the EU, Beeswax has a "quantum satis" authorization — Latin for "as much as needed." This means there's no specific maximum limit; manufacturers use only what's technologically necessary.

Detailed Regulatory Assessment

🇪🇺

European Union (EFSA)

approved Max: quantum satis mg/kg

Authorized as glazing agent for surface treatment

🇺🇸

United States (FDA)

approved GRAS (Generally Recognized as Safe)

Approved for use as direct food substance

🇯🇵

Japan (MHLW)

approved Cat: 既存添加物

Natural additive, existing use

Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI)

International Standard (JECFA)

Not specified (acceptable for use)

mg/kg body weight per day

European Standard (EFSA)

Not specified (no safety concern at current use levels)

Everyday Perspective

For a 60kg adult, this limit is roughly equivalent to consuming:

Natural Occurrence

A natural wax produced by honeybees to build honeycomb. Composed mainly of esters, fatty acids, and hydrocarbons. White beeswax is bleached; yellow beeswax is unbleached.

Honeycomb produced by honeybees (Apis mellifera)

Manufacturing

Method: extraction from honeycomb

Harvested from honeycomb, melted, filtered, and cooled. White beeswax is further bleached using hydrogen peroxide or sunlight. Yellow beeswax retains natural carotenoid pigments.

Applications Beyond Food

Cosmetics

Lip balm, moisturizers, makeup, hair pomade

Medical

Ointment base, pill coating, dental impressions

Industrial

Furniture polish, car wax, candles, leather conditioner

Household

Candle making, wood finishing, leather treatment

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Beeswax (E901)?
Beeswax (E901) is a glazing agent used in food products. It is surface coating and natural. A natural wax produced by honeybees to build honeycomb. Composed mainly of esters, fatty acids, and hydrocarbons. White beeswax is bleached; yellow beeswax is unbleached.
Where is Beeswax found naturally?
Beeswax is naturally found in Honeycomb produced by honeybees (Apis mellifera). A natural wax produced by honeybees to build honeycomb. Composed mainly of esters, fatty acids, and hydrocarbons. White beeswax is bleached; yellow beeswax is unbleached.
What is the ADI for Beeswax?
The Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) for Beeswax is Not specified (acceptable for use) as established by JECFA (Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives). ADI represents the amount that can be consumed daily over a lifetime without appreciable health risk.
What foods contain Beeswax?
Beeswax is used in various food categories including Confectionery with surface coating, Fresh fruit and vegetables. It is used as a glazing agent in these products.
Is Beeswax the same as White beeswax?
Yes, Beeswax is also known as White beeswax, Yellow beeswax, Cera alba, Cera flava. These are different names for the same substance.